What field relates to the study of social and linguistic variations?

The study of social and linguistic variations is predominantly captured by sociolinguistics. This field examines how language use varies across different social contexts and amongst different groups of people, often taking into account factors such as class, ethnicity, age, gender, and social norms. By exploring how these social aspects influence language, sociolinguistics helps us understand the dynamics of communication within various communities and the ways in which language acts as a marker of identity.

While other related fields like anthropological linguistics also investigate language in relation to culture, sociolinguistics specifically focuses on the social dimensions and variations of language. This emphasis on the relationship between language and society differentiates it from other linguistic branches, making sociolinguistics the most relevant field for the question posed.