What kind of agricultural activity is characterized by nomadic animal husbandry?

Pastoralism is the correct answer because it specifically involves the herding and breeding of livestock in a nomadic or semi-nomadic way. Pastoralists often migrate with their animals to find fresh grazing lands and water sources, adapting their agricultural practices to the environment. This practice is closely linked to the animals they raise, which provide not only food but also materials for shelter, clothing, and trade.

In contrast, cultivation generally refers to the systematic growing of crops, requiring settlement and an agricultural infrastructure, while industrial agriculture emphasizes large-scale farming operations that typically use advanced technology and machinery. Horticulture, while also a form of agriculture, typically involves smaller-scale gardening and crop production focused on growing fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants, often in fixed locations. Thus, pastoralism distinctly aligns with nomadic animal husbandry, emphasizing the transitory nature of herding practices.